Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.2
Reference exposure dose values for initiation of protection and countermeasures [
16
,
19
,
20
]
Reference value
[mSv]
Integration
time
Action
Reference dose
Remain in house
sheltering
Effective dose through inhalation and
external radiation
10
7 days
Taking of iodine
tablets
Children
18 years
Persons 18-45 years
50
250
7 days
7 days
<
Evacuation
Effective dose through inhalation and
external radiation
100
7 days
Temporary
relocation
External radiation deposition of
radioactivity
30
1 month
Longterm relocation
External radiation deposition of
radioactivity
100
1 year
Food ban
Effective equivalent dose by ingestion
5
1 year
Table 6.3
Upper limits for adults in Europe for concentration of radioactive materials in food
[
16
,
19
,
20
]
Limits of
radioactivity
concentration
nuclide
[Bq/kg] or [Bq/l]
Milk
products
Other
food
Radioactive nuclide
Strontium isotopes especially Sr-90
125
750
Iodine isotopes especially I-131
500
2,000
-Emitters especially Pu-239, Am-241
20
80
α
Other nuclides with half-lives more than 10 days especially Cs-134,
Cs-137
1,000
1,250
- ban on consuming contaminated food and water,
- relocation and blocking of areas,
- decontamination of urban areas and agricultural land.
In Europe, decisions by the authorities (Table
6.2
) are based on these guiding
values for various protective measures and countermeasures [
16
,
19
,
20
]. These are
lower and upper limits—the population would receive during the first week—for
which measures like sheltering, evacuation or relocation (1 month or 1 year) must
be initiated. In addition there are limits for the different isotopes released during a
reactor accident which do collect in the food like milk, vegetables, meat etc.. These
limits are given in Table
6.3
in case these limits are exceeded the food must be
banned.
