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2003). Currently there are several tools that are able to import and export PNML specifications. The
interval timed colored Petri net formalism invented by van der Aalst (van der Aalst, 1992) is the basis
for the ExSpect analysis tool (ExSpect, 1999). This tool is able to model production systems hierarchi-
cally to more detailed levels and to perform stochastic analyses. Petri nets have also been recently used
in designing shop floor scheduling (Artigues & Roubellat, 2001) and short-term batch plant scheduling
(Ghaeli et al., 2005). An interesting avenue of future research would be the construction a PNML-
based interface between the DSNnet tool of Nokia and ExSpect (and similar tools) which would allow
the modeling and analysis of production systems from factory network level systematically down to
manufacturing cell level.
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