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TABLE 15.1 T3SS effectors of A/E pathogens—cont'd
Effector
Function
Interacting proteins/
enzymatic targets
Homolog ( Shigella
homologs in bold)
EPEC1
E2348/69
O127:H6
EPEC2
B171
O11:NM
Atypical
EPEC E110019
O11:H9
NleH
Immunomodulation -
prevents NF κ B
activation
Inhibition of apoptosis
BI-1 ( Hemrajani
et al., 2010 ),
NHERF2 ( Martinez
et al., 2010 ), RPS3
( Gao et al., 2009 )
OspG
2(1)
1(1)
0(2)
TccP/
EspF U
Intimate adhesion and
pedestal formation
N-WASP ( Garmendia
et al., 2006 ), IRTKS
( Vingadassalom
et al., 2009 ), IRSp53
( Weiss et al., 2009 ),
Cortactin ( Mousnier
et al., 2008 )
EspF
0
1
1
Tir
Intimate adhesion and
pedestal formation -
receptor for intimin,
induces actin
polymerization
Nck ( Gruenheid
et al., 2001 ), IRTKS
( Vingadassalom et al.,
2009 ), IRSp53 ( Weiss
et al., 2009 ), PI3K
( Sason et al., 2009 ),
CK18 ( Batchelor
et al., 2004 ), Talin,
Vinculin, α -actinin
( Freeman et al.,
2000 ), cortactin
( Mousnier et al.,
2008 ), 14-3-3tau
( Patel et al., 2006 )
-
1
1
1
a Effectors were identified by tBlastN searches using Integrated Microbial Genomes (DOE Joint Genome Institute).
b Numbers in brackets indicate pseudogenes present in genome which may occur through frameshifts, internal
deletions, internal stop codons, N-terminal or C-terminal truncations, absent start codons, etc. Importantly, while
some of these pseudogenes have been confirmed, others may be the result of sequencing errors (the effector may
still be translocated and functional), and some mutations (e.g. internal or C-terminal deletions) may still result in
a translocated and potentially functional effector.
c EspY proteins are grouped by the presence of an N-terminal WEX5F motif. Only homologs of the published
EHEC Sakai EspY proteins ( Tobe et al., 2006 ) are indicated and therefore these figures may be an
underestimation of the total WEX5F containing effectors.
d NleG proteins were identified by the motif DUF1076.
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