Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
8. Addition reactions and conjugate addition reactions, to be discussed in Chapter 7, are
related to S
N
2 and S
N
2
0
reactions, respectively. We can make these comparisons if we
recognize that the carbonyl double bond contains a leaving group. Specifically, if a
nucleophile adds to the carbon of a carbonyl, the carbonyl double bond becomes a
carbon-oxygen single bond with a negative charge residing on the oxygen.
Additionally, the trigonal-planar geometry of the carbonyl carbon is converted to
tetrahedral geometry. With these points in mind, predict the products of the following
reactions and explain your answers. For problem 8(b), the nucleophile is a methyl
anion associated with the illustrated cuprate.
a.
b.
9. Propose a reasonable mechanism for each of the following reactions. Explain your
answers by pushing arrows.
a.
b.
