Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Different types of identify operations.
Distance Transformation
The second most used geographic information analysis type is usually
known by its GIS operation equivalent: buffer. The distance transformation
transforms a feature or area of raster cells into an area based on given dis-
tances. One single distance can be used—for example, 100 feet from the
well—or multiple distances—for example 50 m, 150 m, 250 m, and 500 m
from the roads—for the transformation. The distance transformation geo-
graphic information analysis is often used to show the geographic extent of
events (e.g., noise from traffic, leaking of oil tanks into the ground) as a
thing. In these uses the distances correspond to model or assumed values
regarding the processes underlying the events. This ability to transform
from process to pattern is perhaps the single most important reason for the
significance of this geographic information analysis type.
Neighborhood
Though related to distance transformations, neighboring is focused more on
establishing what and how features are geographically related. Neighbor-
hood geographic information analysis usually either focuses on using topol-
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