Artificial Cell Systems Based in Gene Expression Protein Effects - Advancing Artificial Intelligence Through Biological Process Applications - page 150

tive shapes, similar to the functioning of fractal
growth or the fractal image compression.

• Promoters: The gene area that indicates

the proteins that are needed for the gene's
transcription.

Model Structure

• Constituent: This bit identifies if the gene

is constituent or regulating

The central element of our model is the artificial
cell. Every cell has a binary string-encoded in-
formation for the regulation of its functioning.
Following the biological analogy, this string will
be called DNA. The cell also has a structure for
the storage and management of the proteins gen-
erated by the own cell and those received from
neighbourhood cells; following the biological
model, this structure is called cytoplasm.

• Activation percentage (binary value):

The percentage of minimal concentration
of promoters proteins inside the cell that
causes the transcription of the gene.

Cytoplasm

The other fundamental element for keeping and
managing the proteins that are received or pro-
duced by the artificial cell is the cytoplasm. The
stored proteins have a certain life time before they
are erased. The cytoplasm checks which and how
many proteins are needed for the cell to activate
the DNA genes, and as such responds to all the
cellular requirements for the concentration of a
given type of protein. The cytoplasm also extracts
the proteins from the structure in case they are
needed for a gene transcription.

DNA

The DNA of the artificial cell consists of functional
units that are called genes. Each gene encodes a
protein or message (produced by the gene).
The structure of a gene has four parts (see
Figure 1):

• Sequence: The binary string that cor-

responds to the protein that encodes the
gene

Figure 1. Structure of a system gene