Graphics Programs Reference
In-Depth Information
Analysis such as daylighting can inform your building orientation and
structure. Depending on your glazing, it can also affect your mechanical
requirements (as solar gain). You can see some of these effects through a com-
putational fluid dynamics (CFD) model (used to calculate airflow). Geographic
information system (GIS) data will give you your relative location globally and
allow you to see how much sunlight you will be receiving or what the local tem-
perature swings will be during the course of a day. As you can see, all of these
variables can easily affect building design.
Staffing a BIM project
As you rethink the process of design and documentation, one of the semantic
changes you will need to address is staffing. When the workflow changes from
CAD to BIM, staffing allocations, time to complete tasks, and percentage of
work by phase are all affected as a by-product of the change of method.
In a CAD-based project, the level of effort during each of the phases is fairly
well known. The industry has been using some metrics over the past several
years that should be fairly familiar. There is modest effort and staffing in the
conceptual design and schematic design phases, and this effort builds until it
crescendos during construction documentation. At this phase, a CAD project
can greatly increase the number of staff in an effort to expedite the completion
of the drawing set. This staff increase can be effective because the CAD draw-
ings are typically separate files, and moving lines in one drawing won't dynami-
cally change another.
In a BIM-based framework, there is still a gradual increase of staffing and
effort through conceptual design and into the schematic phase, but the effort
during schematic design is greater using BIM than in CAD. During schematic
design and design development, the project team is still performing all the same
tasks that occur in any design process: testing design concepts, visualizations,
or design iteration. The increase in effort during the early design phases lets the
team use the parametric nature of the model to significantly reduce the effort
later during construction documents, allowing for a decrease in the overall
effort over the project cycle.
▶
A common miscon-
ception of project
management when
teams are first moving
from CAD to BIM is that
staffing the project
will be the same in
both workflows.
project roles Using revit architecture
With such a significant change in the effort behind a BIM-based project flow, it's
also important to understand how this can change the various roles and respon-
sibilities for the project team. The changes in traditional roles can become a
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