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conduct action potentials, despite their controlling muscle cells several
centimeters distant. Long distance signaling in these neurons is passive,
and depends on a very high specific membrane resistance (between 70 and
250
.cm 2 ), so that the space constants are of the order of 1 cm (graded
electrical signals decay exponentially, and the space constant determines
the extent). Signaling is analog rather than digital (in most other nervous
systems,
U
information is coded digitally by the frequency of action
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