Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
H
H
oxygen
H
oxygen
hydrogen bonds
H
oxygen
H
H
Figure 2
In water, the slightly negatively charged oxygen molecules
are attracted to the slightly positively charged hydrogen molecules,
creating hydrogen bonds.
The state of water depends on both pressure and temperature. At sea
level, pure liquid water freezes to form solid ice at 32 degrees Fahrenheit
(
°
F) (0 degrees Celsius [
°
C]) and boils to form vapor at 212
°
F (100
°
C).
However, the addition of particles to water can affect its boiling and
freezing points. Particles interfere with the ability of the water molecules to
vaporize or freeze. In this laboratory, you will design an experiment to find
the effects of three different chemicals on the temperature of boiling water.
Time Required
45 minutes
