Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Procedure
1. Find the mass of a beaker with a watch glass “lid.” Record the
mass of both items together to the nearest 0.01 gram (g) on the
data table.
2. Remove the watch glass from the beaker, zero the balance, and add
approximately 2.00 g of baking soda to the beaker. Record the exact
mass to the nearest 0.01 g on the data table.
3. Measure 5 to 6 ml of 6 M hydrochloric acid into a graduated cylinder.
The exact amount is not important, as this reagent is in excess.
4. Slowly and carefully add the hydrochloric acid to the beaker of
baking soda. The mixture will bubble rapidly and the beaker will be
very hot.
5. After the intense bubbling has slowed, stir the mixture with a stirring
rod until the bubbling ceases.
6. Set up a ring clamp on a ring stand and place a piece of wire gauze
on the ring to serve as a base for the beaker to sit on (Figure 2).
Position the Bunsen burner under the wire gauze.
7. Place the beaker on top of the ring apparatus and place the watch
glass over the top of the beaker to prevent splattering.
8. Light the Bunsen burner using a flint sparker and adjust the
flame so that it is nearly touching the bottom of the beaker on the
ring apparatus.
9. Heat the mixture in the beaker until all the liquid has evaporated.
10. Allow the beaker and its contents to cool for about 5 minutes.
11. Find the mass of the beaker, watch glass, and all of its contents to
the nearest 0.01 g. Record the mass on the data table.
12. The material in the beaker is table salt, which can be thrown in the
trash can or dissolved in water and washed down the sink when you
clean up.
Analysis
1. Write the complete balanced equation that occurs between baking
soda (NaHCO
3
) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride
(NaCl), water (H
2
O), and carbon dioxide (CO
2
).
2. What is the mole ratio of baking soda to sodium chloride?
