Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
60
C
3
S
50
40
30
C
2
S
20
10
C
3
A
C
4
AF
0
1 Month
2 Months
3 Months
Time
Figure 2.2
Strength development of pure cement compounds.
Table 2.3
Typical Composition of ASTM types I to V
Portland c
ement
Cement constituents
I
II
III
IV
V
C
3
S
55
55
55
42
55
C
2
S
18
19
17
32
22
C
3
A
10
6
10
4
4
C
4
AF
8
11
8
15
12
CSH
2
6
5
6
4
4
Fineness (m
2
/kg)
365
375
550
340
380
Because of the differences between properties of the various constituents
of cement, it is possible to modify the properties of cement by modifying
its composition. This is commonly done in many countries. In the United
States, five types of cement have been recognized by the American Society
for Testing and Materials (ASTM). These types have been developed by
varying the proportions of different compounds and the degree of fineness
of cement particles. Typical compositions of these cement types are sum-
marised in Table 2.3.
When no special properties are required, type I cement is the most com-
monly used ASTM cement in construction. However, in applications such
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