Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 17.1. Mode of reproduction of
Phytophthora infestans
in populations of different
countries. Data from Mizubuti and Forbes (2002) and GILB web site
(http://gilb.cip.cgiar.org/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=415)
Continent/
Region
Country
Mode of reproduction
Clonal (C) or
Recombinant (R)
Africa
Uganda, Ethiopia, South Africa
Morocco
C
C
Asia
China, Korea, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Nepal,
Japan
C
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Taiwan,
Vietnam, Indonesia
C
Russia
C (Siberia), R (Moscow)
Southeast Asia and Israel
C
Europe
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany,
Ireland, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, United
Kingdom - England and Wales
Finland, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Sweden,
The Netherlands, UK (Scotland)
C
R
Latin
America
Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, Peru, Argentina,
Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela,
Panama, Costa Rica, Honduras, other countries
in Central America
C
Mexico
C and R
North
America
Canada
United States
C
C
Oceania
Australia
C
17.3 PATHOGEN BIOLOGY
The occurrence or not of sexual reproduction has profound implications to
population structure and to disease epidemiology. This is reflected in survival and
sources of inoculum.
17.3.1 Survival of
Phytophthora infestans
The advent of sexual reproduction and production of oospores has stimulated
intensive interest in the survival of
P
.
infestans
in many locations in the world. In
locations where sexual reproduction is absent the pathogen is essentially an obligate
parasite and cannot survive for long periods in the absence of a susceptible host.
However in locations where sexual reproduction is possible, oospores may survive
from one season to the next, regardless of host presence.
