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allometric vectors can be analyzed by the principal components of the covariance matrix
of these vectors, giving the orthogonal components of variation among allometric patterns
( Klingenberg and Froese, 1991 ). This space has been termed an “allometric space” ( Gerber
et al., 2008, 2011; Wilson and Sanchez-Villagra, 2010 ) or “developmental morphospace”
( Eble, 2003; Gerber et al., 2008, 2011; Gerber, 2011 ) and the analysis of disparity within this
space has been termed “allometric disparity” ( Gerber et al., 2008, 2011; Wilson and
Sanchez-Villagra, 2010 ). Not surprisingly, in the analysis of allometric disparity of the nine
species of piranhas ( Figure 11.26 ) PC1, which explains 52.5% of the variation, shows that
two Pygocentrus are distinctive in their allometries. These are the species whose ontoge-
netic trajectories are typically at 60 or more to the others.
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