The Role of Contaminated Surfaces in the Transmission of Nosocomial Pathogens - Use of Biocidal Surfaces for Reduction of Healthcare Acquired Infections - page 37

Table 3.3 The impact of the prior room occupant's colonisation or infection status on the acquisition of pathogens by subsequent occupants of the same room

Adjusted ratio
(95 % confidence
interval) b

Did not
acquire

Percentage
difference Setting a /Study design Findings Reference Variables Acquired

Martinez
et al. [ 92 ]

ICU, USA/9 month
retrospective case-
control/2003

Placement within a room from which VRE
had been cultured was associated with
VRE acquisition in the subsequent
room occupant

Admitted to a room
from which VRE
had been cultured

13 %
of 30

2 % of 60 87.5 % OR: 81.7

(2.2-3092)

Drees
et al. [ 39 ]

ICU, USA/14 month
prospective cohort

Positive room cultures or previous
VRE-positive room occupants were
associated with VRE acquisition

Positive culture prior to
admission or
acquisition

8.0 %
of 50

4.8 % of 588 40.5 % HR: 4.3

(1.5-12.5)

VRE prior room
occupant

38.0 %
of 50

20.2 %
of 588

46.7 % HR: 3.8 (2.0-7.3)

VRE prior room occu-
pant in the previous
2 weeks

60.0 %
of 50

41.8 %
of 588

30.3 % HR: 2.7 (1.4-5.3)

A. baumannii prior room
occupant

Nseir
et al. [ 93 ]

ICU, France/12 month
prospective cohort

Admission to a room previously occupied
by an A. baumannii- or P. aeruginosa -
positive was associated with acquisi-
tion of these pathogens

28.1 %
of 57

7.9 % of 454 71.8 % OR: 4.2 (2.0-8.8)

P. aeruginosa prior
room occupant

25.6 %
of 82

14.9 %
of 429

41.7 % OR: 2.3 (1.2-4.3)

% acquired, prior room
occupant
Positive Negative

Huang
et al. [ 94 ]

ICU, USA/20 month
retrospective
cohort

Admission to a room previously occupied
by an MRSA- or VRE-positive was
associated with acquisition of these
pathogens

VRE prior room
occupant

4.5 % of
1,291

2.8 %
of 9,058

37.1 % OR: 1.4 (1.0-1.9)

MRSA prior room
occupant

3.9 % of
1,454

2.9 %
of 8,697

28.8 % OR: 1.4 (1.1-1.8)

Shaughnessy
et al. [ 95 ]

ICU, USA/18 month
retrospective
cohort

Admission to a room previously occupied
by a C. difficile patient was associated
with C. difficile acquisition

C. difficile prior room
occupant

11.0 %
of 91

4.6 % of
1,679

58.3 % HR: 2.3 (1.2-4.5)

a

ICU Intensive care unit