Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 8
Economics of Using Biocidal Surfaces
Panos A. Efstathiou
Contents
8.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 168
8.2 Evaluation of ICU Cost Effectiveness . . . ................................................. 169
8.3 Antimicrobial Copper Cu
+
Implementation in NICU
(Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) . . . . ....................................................... 172
8.4 Economic Impacts on the Operational Costs of the ICU
After Antimicrobial Copper Cu
+
Implementation ........................................ 175
8.4.1 APACHE II Score ................................................................. 179
8.4.2 SAPSII Score ...................................................................... 180
8.5 Analytically ................................................................................ 183
8.6 Conclusions . ............................................................................... 184
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Abstract
Aim Aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction on Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
microbial flora after the antimicrobial copper alloy (Cu
+
) implementation as well as
the effect on financial - epidemiological operation parameters.
Methods Medical, epidemiological and financial data into two time periods,
before and after the implementation of copper (Cu 63 % - Zn 37 %, Low Lead)
were recorded and analyzed in a General ICU. The evaluated parameters were: the
importance of patients' admission (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evalua-
tion - APACHE II and Simplified Acute Physiology Score - SAPS), microbial
flora's record in the ICU before and after the implementation of Cu
+
as well as the
impact on epidemiological and ICU's operation financial parameters.
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