Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Triclosan
Manufactured-in/
liquid disin-
fectant [
52
]
Multiple cytoplasmic and
membrane targets [
112
]
Already adopted in some
consumer markets [
52
]
Resistance/tolerance develop-
ment; relies on leaching so
surface loses efficacy over
time [
52
,
112
]
Polycationic
e.g. polyhexamethylene
biguanide, PHMB
Liquid disinfec-
tant [
69
]
Active polymer immobilised
microbes; PHMB disturbance of
cell membrane lipid bilayer [
69
]
Easy to apply [
69
]
Limited microbicidal activity;
questionable “real-world”
efficacy and durability [
69
]
Physical alteration of surface properties
“Liquid glass” (silicon dioxide) Liquid applica-
tion [
126
]
-
Reduces deposition; improves
'cleanability' [
126
]
Not microbicidal; some evidence
of reduced contamination;
unknown required frequency
of application [
126
]
Sharklet pattern
Manufactured-in
[
113
,
114
]
-
Reduces deposition; reduced.
biofilms [
113
,
114
]
Not microbicidal; not feasible
to retrofit [
113
,
114
]
Advanced polymer coatings
(e.g. polyethylene glycol
PEG, superhydrophobic/
philic, zwitterionic)
Manufactured-in
[
115
,
118
]
-
Reduces deposition; some can
be 'doped' with copper or
silver [
115
,
116
,
118
]
Not microbicidal; may be
expensive; scale up to large
surfaces questionable; not
feasible to retrofit [
115
,
118
]
Diamond-like carbon
(DLC) films
Manufactured-in
[
119
]
-
Reduces deposition; can be
'doped' with copper or
silver [
119
]
Not microbicidal; likely to be
expensive; feasibility of scale
up to large surfaces
questionable; not feasible
to retrofit [
119
]
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