Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
T
ABLE 6.1
Major Advances in the Electronics and Energy Sector during the Second
Half of the 20th Century
Decade
Electr
onics Industry
Energy Industry
1950s
Vacuum tubes
High energy conversion
1960s
Transistors
Large scale units
1970s
Integrated circuits
Environmental pollution
1980s
Printed circuits and large-scale
integration
High efficiency
1990s
Very large scale integration
High efficiency and low pollution
2000+
Super large scale integration, compact
and high density systems
Energy and environment conservation and
health effects from the burning of fuels
T
ABLE 6.2
Current Development Efforts on the Application of High Temperature Air
Combustion to Other Technologies
Issues with Original Fuel
Application
Type/Material
Final State of Fuel or Products
W
aste materials (fuel)
Difficult or unwanted fuel
Conversion to gaseous fuel of
uniform composition from
which thermal energy can be
recovered
Refuse derived fuel (RDF), waste
fuels, such as biomass,
municipal, hospital, farm and
industrial wastes, and chemical
wastes
Difficult to burn
Incineration is not the
solution
Conversion to gaseous fuel
Combustion of gaseous fuels
results in very high combustion
efficiency
Volatile organic compounds and
odors
A pollutant to the
environment
Complete destruction of the
VOCs and odors without
forming hazardous pollutants
2.
Fuel reforming steam and high temperature combustion air.
3.
Power generation from wastes and low quality fuels.
4.
Combustion of low heating value fuels.
5.
Fuel cells.
6.
Household thermal appliances. Included here are radiant tube furnaces
providing hot air by a blower and water heaters.
7.
Engines for power and propulsion (e.g., automobiles).
8.
Ash vitrification.
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