Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Preventive control:
Application of pesticides before the outbreak of
disease or an infestation, usually on turf that has a history of such
outbreaks or infestation.
Rhizome:
An underground, horizontally growing plant stem that
produces both upwardly growing shoots and new roots from nodes;
distinguished from a root in that it has buds and nodes.
Root zone:
The layer of soil in which the roots of turf-grass plants are
found and from which they must draw air, water and nutrients.
Silt:
A soil material made up primarily of microscopic soil particles
ranging in size from 0.002 to 0.05 mm.
Slicing, soil:
The process of cutting vertically into the soil to sever
horizontal stems and promote aeration.
Sodding:
The process of installing mature turf in large or small sheets,
as opposed to spreading seed or sprigs over a prepared area of bare soil.
Soil structure:
The combination or arrangement of soil particles into
aggregates.
Soil textural triangle:
A triangle diagram illustrating the range of
particle sizes for the 12 textural classes of soil.
Soil texture:
The relative coarseness or fineness of a soil, determined by
the relative proportions of sand, silt and clay particles.
Spiking, soil:
The process of using equipment with blade-like protru-
sions to puncture vertically into the soil, severing horizontal stems and
promoting aeration; differs from slicing in that spiking punctures are
not continuous openings in the soil like the slices created by slicing
equipment.
Spreader, centrifugal:
A rotary device used to apply seed, fertilizer and
other granular materials; also called a rotary spreader.
Spreader, drop:
An agricultural implement used to spread granular
material over an area by allowing it to fall through openings of a specific
size.
Sprigging:
The process of vegetatively establishing turf-grass by
spreading rhizomes or stolons over a prepared seed bed and pressing
them into the soil.
Stolons:
Creeping, above-ground stems that take root at the nodes to
form new plants.