Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
are used by the plant to make energy needed for its growth and
development, and oxygen is released into the air as a by-product. In
general, ensuring maximum photosynthesis requires maintaining the
largest possible leaf area; in other words, it is physiologically beneficial
to maintain turf at the highest possible mowing height typical for the
given species.
Photosynthesis is greatest in bright sunlight. Tropical, warm-season
grasses, unlike some cool-season grasses, have almost unlimited photo-
synthetic potential. High temperature is seldom a limiting factor either,
as long as the plant has adequate moisture. On the other hand, warm-
season grasses are less efficient at photosynthesis under low-light condi-
tions or at cool temperatures than are grasses from cooler climates. In
many cases, shade results in poor growth, and when the temperature
drops to around 10
C, photosynthesis often comes to a complete stop,
and the grass undergoes dormancy. In the tropics these conditions may
be encountered at higher elevations (Fig. 1.5).
8
Oxygen
Solar energy
Carbon dioxide
Carbohydrates
Water
Fig. 1.5. Photosynthesis provides energy for plant growth and development.
(Drawing by R. Castro.)
