Nanotechnology for domestic water purification - Nanotechnology in Eco-efficient Construction - page 395

Labour
demands

Setup and
use Filter type Biological Organic Inorganic Flow rate Useful life Unit Filter Maintenance

Granular ￿ Bacteria

￿ Cysts
(bacteria
within the
fi lter can
cause
recontamin.)

Most all; incl:
Pest-,
herb- and
insecticides
Industrial
Chemicals
PCBs PAHs
VOCs
MTBE

￿ Arsenic
￿ Chlorine
￿ Chromium
￿ Mercury
(organic
complex
forms
only)

V** - Unit
size

9-12 mos $100/yr

$10-
Carafe

$3.00 Unskilled

and
trained

Easy Regular

cleaning
by trained
person

Solid
block

12 mos $330-

$2500

$0.02/L

Bucket ￿ Bacteria

￿ Cysts
￿ Coliform
￿ Parasites
￿ Protozoa

No No 500 L/day V - Media $50.00 $20.00 Unskilled Easy Biweekly

fi lter
cleaning

Drum and
fi lter
Roughing 40-200 L/day < $0.001/L

$01/L

U***
- Low

Unskilled
and
trained

Easy Backwashing

by trained
person

Cistern V - Unit size U - Low

Fibre and
Fabric

￿ Pathogenic
Larvae
￿ Larva
hosting
crustaceans
￿ Bacteria
with large
copepods
￿ Zooplankton

No No V - No. of

material
layers

Limited ≈ $0.00 ≈ $0.00 Unskilled Easy None

* Cysts: Giardia and cryptosporidium cysts.
** V: Variable depending on.
*** U: Exact amount unspecifi ed.