Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
1
µ
m
1 µ m
(a)
(b)
1
µ
m
1
µ
m
(c)
(d)
8.7 Nanostructured thin fi lms made by 'glancing angle deposition'
and, in parts (b) and (c), simultaneous rotation of the substrate in
order to make 'nanochevrons' and a helical nanostructure
('nanotortiglioni'). From Steele and Brett (2007).
￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿ ￿
Still larger possibilities to produce nanostructured coatings are obtained
if the substrate is rotated while the incident deposition species have an
oblique angle of incidence. Figure 8.7(b) and (c) shows two striking exam-
ples using slow substrate rotation. With more rapid rotation, it is possible
to obtain 'penniform' structures, as illustrated in Fig. 8.8 for the case of a
titanium dioxide-based structure made by sputter deposition under condi-
tions so that 'zone 1' fi lms are to be expected (Rodríguez et al. , 2000).
8.2.3 Non-vacuum- and non-plasma-based techniques
There are many thin fi lm technologies that do not require low pressures.
For example, coatings can be prepared by dipping a substrate in a solution
Search WWH ::




Custom Search