Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Natural aggregate:
extraction + screening
Admixtures
Water
Cement
Transport
Analyzed part of
concrete structure
life cycle
Production of
concrete
Transport
Construction
phase
Service phase
Demolition
3.7
Analyzed part of the concrete structure life cycle.
The type and amount of component materials used for concrete production
are shown in Table 3.8. The mix proportion of concrete was determined from
two conditions: the target concrete strength class was C25/30 (characteristic
compressive cylinder/cube strength equal to 25/30 MPa), nomenclature
according to Eurocode 2 (CEn, 2004) and the target slump 20 minutes after
mixing was 6±2 cm.
Table 3.9 shows the collected LCi data for aggregate, cement, concrete
production and for transport. Calculated cumulative energy requirement and
emissions to air for the production of 1 m
3
of ready-mixed concrete (so-called
inventory table) are presented in Table 3.10. For chosen impact categories,
category indicator results (per functional unit) are calculated according
to CML methodology and are shown in Table 3.11. Figure 3.8 shows the
