Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 13.4
Installation of single-reactor vessels/modules (top) and overview of the gate construction of
the Bernau PRB (bottom, September 2001). At that time, modules had partly been charged only
with ZVI and had not been equipped yet with cover plates (single plates can be seen at the left
margin (top) of the bottom photo).
with natural attenuation (NA), enhanced NA, ultrasound, palladium, and
ZVI-GAC combinations). It has to be emphasized that the system was nei-
ther primarily designed for a complete remediation of the local aquifer nor
for the cleanup of the mega site Bitterfeld, but for testing novel approaches
and reactive materials regarding complex mixtures of pollutants (Weiß et al.,
2002, Parbs and Birke, 2005, SAFIRA, 2014).
13.2.2.3 Denkendorf
Set up in 2001, D&G, shaft reactor/ISV (full-scale, 90 m gravel/filter pipe
drainage), and GAC for cVOC adsorption, clean up goal met, that is, sev-
eral 10 up to hundreds of mg/L upstream the PRB decreased to just around
10 μg/L cVOCs in the discharging groundwater (Birke et al., 2003, 2004;
Parbs and Birke, 2005).
At an industrial area/park at Denkendorf, a small town in the vicinity of
Stuttgart, six different sources of cVOC contamination were detected in the
1990s. The main contaminants comprised TCE, PCE, cis-DCE, and 1,1,1-tri-
chloroethane (1,1,1-TCA). The groundwater was also polluted by VC, which
had probably been generated by NA processes (microbiological degradation)
of PCE/TCE. The overall concentrations of the pollutants exceeded 200 mg/L
in total within the hot spots/source zones; pure-phase cVOCs were present as
well, although the average total concentration of cVOCs in the groundwater
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