Permeable Reactive Barriers: Cost-Effective and Sustainable Remediation of Groundwater - Permeable Reactive Barrier: Sustainable Groundwater Remediation - page 10

TABLE 1.2 (continued)
Groundwater Remediation Technologies and Approximate Costs Based on Case Studies Available

Groundwater Remediation
Technology Contaminant Site If Applicable Cost, US $ Per Cubic Meter References

Granular zero-valent iron
approximately 450 tons
PRB system
W × L × D (2 × 152 × 22 ft)

VOCs and metals USCG Center, NC,

USA

Capital cost per volume of
groundwater treated per Year
$190/1000 gallons;
Average annual operating cost per
volume of groundwater treated
per year $33/1000 gallons

USEPA (1999a,b)

Ex Situ
P&T: Type of ex situ
treatment: Filtration with
oil/water separation and
Granular activated carbon
adsorption.

Metals/VOCs, As, PCP, Cr,
total PAHs

MSWP, AR, USA Capital cost per volume of

groundwater treated per year
$38/1000 gallons;
Average annual operating cost per
volume of groundwater treated
per year $7.4/1000 gallons

USEPA (1999a,b)

P&T: Type of ex situ
treatment: Filtration with
oil/water separation and
Biological treatment

NAPL Libby, MT, USA Capital cost per volume of

groundwater treated per year
$1000/1000 gallons;
Average annual operating cost per
volume of groundwater treated
per Year $36/1000 gallons

USEPA (1999a,b)