Permeable Reactive Barriers: Cost-Effective and Sustainable Remediation of Groundwater - Permeable Reactive Barrier: Sustainable Groundwater Remediation - page 8

TABLE 1.2
Groundwater Remediation Technologies and Approximate Costs Based on Case Studies Available

Groundwater Remediation
Technology Contaminant Site If Applicable Cost, US $ Per Cubic Meter References

In Situ
Air sparging

VOCs $15 per foot for injection wells

$5000-$25,000 for air injection pump

Hyman and Dupont (2001)

Air stripping VOCs Capital cost:

$250-$400 per gpm through up to
100 gpm
Operating cost:
$20-$50 per pound contaminant
removed

Hyman and Dupont (2001)

Bioaugmentation Trichloroethene (TCE),

cis -dichloroethene (cDCE)

Fort Dix, NJ, USA $875 per cubic yard FRTR (2011)

Bioaugmentation Tetrachloroethene (PCE) Dover National Test

Site (DNTS), Dover,
DE, USA

$11,000 per kg of PCE addressed FRTR (2008)

ZVI PRB system Arsenic (As)

(20 mg/L) groundwater
plume size 450 feet wide
and extends 2100 feet

East Helena, MT,
USA

$325,000 to construct
(no operating and maintenance
cost)

FRTR (2007c)

ZVI: sand (1:1 ratio)
PRB system
W × L × D (1 × 375 × 29 ft)

TCE, cis -1,2-DCE,
Vinylchloride (VC)

Industrial Site, SC,
USA

$360,000 to construct
(no operating and maintenance
cost)

USEPA (2001)