Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Any material found to be out of specification is removed from the
finished product category and dumped back to raw material, to be
reprocessed.
Therefore, in the case of Connelly ZVI, the finished product must meet
• Cubic foot weight (140-160 lbs/ft
3
for the particular brand “ETI
CC-1004” suitable for applications in PRBs)
• Water absorbency, free of oil, and grease
• Screen specifications
• Iron content at 85% minimum
• Customers packaging requirements
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the German Federal Ministry for Education and
Research (BMBF) for funding their member projects of RUBIN and the sci-
entific officer of RUBIN, Dr. Karl-Peter Knobel, for providing valuable advice
over numerous years. They also thank several ZVI producers or vendors for
the very good cooperation over the years: BASF Ludwigshafen (Dr. Lippert),
Germany, Gotthart-Maier GmbH (Mr. Fischer), Rheinfelden, Germany,
Mull-und-Partner Ing. Ges. mbH, Hannover, Germany, Mittal Steel GmbH,
Hamburg, Germany, Connelly-GPM Inc. (Mr. Stephen M. Klein), Chicago,
Illinois, USA, Peerless Metals Powder Inc. (Mr. David Carter), Detroit,
Michigan, USA. They all provided numerous samples of ZVI materials and
valuable information on them as well. Finally, tremendous support by Dr.
Akmadaliev (Helmholtz-Center Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Ion Beam
Physics) regarding the preparation of ion beam implanted iron specimens is
also appreciated.
References
Birke, V., Burmeier, H., Dahmke, A., and Ebert, M. 2005. The German Permeable
Reactive Barrier (PRB) Network Rubin: Temporary Overall Results and Lessons
Learned after five Years of Work, in CONSOIL 2005. 9th International FZK/
TNO Conference on Contaminated Soil, Bordeaux, France, October 03-07, 2005
(computer optical disk), pp. 2865-2887.
Birke, V., Burmeier, H., Niederbacher, P., Hermanns, S.R., Koehler, S., Wegner, M.,
Maier, D. et al. 2004. PRBs in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland: Mainstreams,
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