Impact of Trace Elements and Impurities in Technical Zero-Valent Iron Brands on Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethenes in Groundwater - Permeable Reactive Barrier: Sustainable Groundwater Remediation - page 93

FIGURE 5.5
ZVI electrodes (ZVI was embedded into a resin, cut, and polished) used for determining
surface-dependent first-order rate constants regarding the degradation of PCE (10 mg/L) in
groundwater of the Rheine PRB site (Germany). Left: Gotthart-Maier, right: Responge ® elec-
trodes, both no current and galvanostatically operated.
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
dcm—24 hcm—48 hcm—72 hcm—96 h
FIGURE 5.6
Normalized specific surface-dependent first-order rate constants k SA = dCm in mg PCE/cm 2 *h
for different ZVI brands and different production batches of them as well as artificially pro-
duced combinations of pure Fe wavers spiked with certain metallic and nonmetallic elements
(made by ion beam implantation) regarding degradation of PCE in groundwater from the
Rheine PRB site (Germany). Sulfide containing ZVI types provide high surface normalized
rate constants (dCm) after 24, 48, 72, or 96 h of treatment. “Stroml” = no current, “galv” = galva-
nostatical experiment.