Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Thus, an increase of norm of seeding in ordinary crops on the average for 3 years
of researches, the safety of plants of an amaranth decreased from 23.4 to 21.1 percent,
and on wide-row from 42.6 to 26.3 percent.
Effi ciency of plants completely depends on photosynthetic activity. From intensity
of photosynthesis in direct dependence, there is as a whole a development of plants,
which is closely connected with the size and period of operation of the sheet device
[3, 4].
Researches of dynamics of formation of a sheet surface of plants of an amaranth
showed that density of crops had essential impact on its assimilatory square and dura-
tion of functioning. With increase of norm of seeding of seeds, the difference increased
in the size of an assimilatory surface. First, the closely connected process of photosyn-
thesis with the formation of a biomass of a plant is explained. Despite this, in initial
growth phases and developments of plants of an amaranth, there is a slow increase
of its sheet weight that defi nes weak competitiveness in relation to weed vegetation
(Table 4.3).
TABLE 4.3
Photosynthetic activity agrocenoosis an amaranth depending on norms and ways
of crops
Year of research
Norm of
seeding
(one mil-
lion pieces/
ha)
Average
2010
2011
2012
Way of crops
AL РР AL РР AL РР AL
РР
1.5
36.0
0. 67
50.6
0.82
40.8
0.72
42.5
0.74
15 сm
(ordinary
way)
1.75
36.9
0.69
51.2
0.86
41.2
0.73
43.1
0.76
2.0
37.7
0.70
52.3
0.90
42.0
0.76
44.0
0.79
0.5
37.4
0.72
50.4
0.83
39.9
0.77
42.6
0.77
45 сm
(wide row)
0.75
38.6
075
51.2
0. 86
40.7
0.82
43.5
0.81
1.0
39.7
0.78
52.5
0.92
42.3
0.87
44.8
0. 86
The maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential fall on the phase of maturing
of seeds. In ordinary crops, the largest area of leaves is formed by crops with norm of
seeding of 2 million pieces/ha, which were, respectively, on the average for years of
researches 44.0 m
2
/ha, in wide-row crops at norm of seeding of 1 million pieces/ha the
area of leaves were 44.8 m
2
/ha.
Thus, the increase in norm of seeding, conducts to consolidation of crops. In such
agrocenosis, photosynthetic potential was much higher in comparison with thin crops
that were caused by a high sheet surface of plants. However, in ordinary crops, de-
pending on growth phases and development of an amaranth, the tendency to decrease
the photosynthetic potential in condensed agrocenosis was noted.
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