Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
The experience of the foreign countries and price situation of sugar beet in Ukraine
indicate that to develop the technologies, which use cheaper and economically better
raw material for bioethanol production, is an important task for sugar beet production
as the use of sugar beet and the products of their processing for the manufacture of
other commodities, besides sugar, makes them more competitive in comparison with
other crops.
The sugar beet production should be concentrated at large well-developed farms
that are able to implement intensive technologies with the use of modern agricultural
machinery, fertilizers, integrated crop, and soil protection, improve sugar beet yield
and quality, and reduce their costs as important factors of sugar quality improvement
according to the requirements of the consumer sugar, which exist in EU countries, and
ensuring the competitiveness of sugar in the domestic and foreign markets.
The quality and the type of raw material have the effect on the increase of the
competitiveness of bioethanol production.
The raw material for ethanol production, besides molasses and sugar beets, can be
the byproducts of sugar beets with high sugar content, in particular, the green black-
strap molasses and syrup. Processing of 1 t of green blackstrap molasses—394 l or 311
kg and 1 t of syrup—375 l (297 kg) gives the largest output of bioethanol. The output
of bioethanol from molasses is 1 t—300 l (237 kg), 1 ton of sugar beet—100 l (79 kg).
The reduction of the bioethanol cost and the increase of its competitiveness depend
greatly on the production technology. Bioethanol technology consists of two phases:
the production of raw ethanol and its further dehydration. Azeotropic distillation, ad-
sorption on molecular sieves, and evaporation through the membrane are used for
ethanol dehydration of Shiyan [8].
The cost of bioethanol production from sugar beet (crude juice), green molasses,
syrup and molasses, depending on the technology used, was calculated by us (Table
22.8).
TABLE 22.8
The competitiveness of bioethanol production from the products of sugar beet
processing with the use of different technologies in 2012
Production cost of bioethanol using different technologies ($)
Azeotropic distil-
lation
Adsorption on
molecular sieves
Evaporation through
the membrane
Bioraw
1 t
1 l
1 t
1 l
1 t
1 l
Sugar beets 1447.5 1.14 1409.9 1.11 1378.2 1.09
Green blackstrap molasses 1194.8 0.94 1157.3 0.91 1125.6 0.89
Syrup 1646.4 1.30 1608.8 1.26 1577.1 1.24
Molasses 934.7 0.74 897.2 0.71 865.5 0.69
Note. The official exchange rate of the National Bank of Ukraine in 2012: $100 = UAH 799.1
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