Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 18.3 The influence of regulation of the flowering and fertilization process on the
fractional structure of seeds depending on seed plant minting (average for 2008-2010)
The content of fractions of seed
(mm, %)
Variant
4.50-5.50
3.50-4.50
3.00-3.50
˃ 5.50
CMS component
Without minting—control
3.7
14.7
57.3
24.3
The minting of 50% of pollinator
5.7
17.7
62.3
14.3
The minting of 50% of pollinator and 100% of CMS
component
5.3
18.7
63.7
12.3
О-type
Without minting—control
4.3
12.3
60.7
22.7
The minting of 50% of pollinator
5.7
16.7
66.0
11.7
The minting of 50% of pollinator and 100% of CMS
component
5.7
16.7
67.3
10.3
By minting both components, we obtained the highest yield of sown seed frac-
tions—82.4 percent. Under minting of 50 percent of the O-type, we observed some-
what lower yield of sown seeds fraction compared with the minting of both compo-
nents due to a high content of fi ne fraction—less than 3.50 mm. Similar results were
obtained with the O-type.
Thus, the directed regulation of processes of fl owering and fl ower formation
of seed plant mating components has a positive effect on the processes of growth
and development, particularly on the synchronicity of fl ower formation, fl owering,
and seed tying degree and consequently on its yield and quality. The yield of seed
and its quality increased signifi cantly compared with the control (without mint-
ing) as a CMS component and O-type. Along with the yield increase, the yield of
seeds sown fractions increases due to reduction of fruits, with a diameter of less
than 3.50 mm.
In the process of growing sugar beet seeds, one cannot achieve the desired re-
sults on the quality of seed under due to high degree of its quality diversity caused by
the biological characteristics of the crop (the phase of sugar beet seed plants fl ower-
ing takes place not evenly during 20-40 days depending on the weather conditions
in cultivation areas). That is why all breeding and seed companies in the world and
in our country as well prepare of the sugar beet seeds for sowing in the seed plants
only. During the pre-sowing preparation, it is a very diffi cult technological chain
 
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