THE QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET SEEDS AND THE WAYS OF ITS INCREASE - Ecological Consequences of Increasing Crop Productivity - page 181

fl owers that bloomed in the CMS component were 1082.2 pc/plant, in O-type—1038.3
pc./plant.
It was established in the process of studying the infl uence of plant minting of dip-
loid CMS component on seed production that this method contributes to a signifi cant
increase in the yield of the baseline seed (Table 18.1).

TABLE 18.1 The yield of baseline seed of CMS component increased to 0.17 t/ha under
minting 50% of the plants of O-type.

Yield
of seed
(t/hа)

The degree
of tying
(%)

Energy of
germination
(%)

Field germi-
nation
(%)

Mass of
1,000 pc
(g)

Variant

Without minting—
control

1.47 86.6 76 81 12.0

The minting of 50%
of pollinator

1.64 91.0 85 87 13.1

The minting of
50% of pollinator
and 100% of CMS
component

1.67 91.0 87 90 13.1

LSD 05 0.11 1.4 3.3 3.5 0.7

By minting 50 percent of the plants of O-type and 100 percent of plants of CMS
component, the yield increased by 0.20 t/ha compared to the control. That is, both the
methods of minting provide signifi cant increase of CMS component seeds yield, but
there is no signifi cant difference between them.
An important factor infl uencing the seed productivity indexes and, especially, the
seed quality is its degree of tying, which depends on the synchronicity of the com-
ponents of hybrid fl owering. In our research, this feature is varied in the range from
86.6 to 91.0 percent. Thus, the degree of seeds tying was affected with the minting as
an O-type and both parental components as well. Providing the synchronization of
components fl owering contributed more to substantially increase the degree of tying
seeds compared with the control that infl uenced on its germination. Thus, the minting
of only 50 percent of the plants of O-type ensured 6 percent increase in seed germi-
nation compared with the control, and the minting of both components of 50 percent
of the plants of monogerm seed O-type and 100 percent of plant of CMS component
provided receiving of higher seed germination—90 percent with the control variant
index of 81 percent. In addition to the increase of yield and seed germination, the mass
of 1,000 fruits increased signifi cantly, which indicates actively entering the nutrients
forming the side stems.
Similar results were obtained with the yield and seed quality of O-type that depend
on the directional regulation of fl owering process of the hybrid components. The yield
of seed increased to 0.17-0.20 t/ha and seed germination increased from 82 percent