Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, the large-sized cultivars of filberts were
dug out and planted at the newly created “Filbert Nursery.” According to the univer-
sally adopted methods, the morphology of represented species, sorts, and forms were
investigated [1, 4].
NDP “Sofi yivka” is situated in the town of Uman, Cherkasy region. The park is
well known, though far away in the borders of Ukraine, as one of the most famous
masterpieces of the world landscape gardening of the end of XYIII—the beginning
of XIX centuries. “Sofi yivka” stands at the same level with other examples of park
construction of Europe, such as Boboli Garden in Florence (Italy), San-Susi Park in
Potsdam (Germany), and Versailles (France) [1].
Its geographical coordinates are 48
o
46' of Northern latitude and 30
o
14' of Eastern
longitude by Greenwich. The height above the sea level fl uctuates in the diver's places
of the park from 170 to 216 m. Nowadays, the area of the park is over 180 ha (Figure
16.1).
The park stands on the granite bazolit of mazogmatic
character. The granite is
nearly 20-40 m depth, but in the gullies and channels appears on the surface and
makes picturesque cliffs. The main components of the soil are loess and the modern
alluvial and delluvial bottom measures of gullies and valleys
.
The territory of the park is situated in the valley of the Kamianka River, which
crosses the park in the southwestern direction through the valley and interblock of the
Grekiv ravine and Menagerie.
During the period of park's creation, the damp and the cascade of four ponds were
created along the channel of the Kamianka River. This cascade became the new ele-
ment of the park's relief and infl uenced greatly on the microclimate and processes of
new creations [1].
The climate of the region is moderate. The annual average temperature is 7.3°С.
The total temperature during the period with the temperature above 10°C is 2,500-
2,800. In the average temperature of June, the hottest month is 19°C; the highest tem-
perature is 38°С. The average temperature of January, the coldest month is −4.4°С; the
lowest temperature was noted −37°С.
The annual rainfall changes from 339 to 949 mm, and on average it is nearly 633
mm. In winter, the ground freezes nearly to 75-80 sm and sometimes even to 120
sm deep. The blanket of snow 15-18 cm thick appears in the middle of December
and stays on the surface for 120 days. But it is not steady as there are frequent thaws
when the temperature rises to 9-12°C. Usually the ground melts absolutely in the
third decade of March. The frosts are also possible early in the autumn and at the
end of May. The climadiagram of the region of hazelnut introduction is shown in
Figure 16.2.
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