THE STUDY OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF APPLE-TREE TISSUES AND APPLE FRUITS (MALLUS MILL.) - Ecological Consequences of Increasing Crop Productivity - page 136

FIGURE 14.6 Structure of achromatic (A, B) and colored (C, D) apple fruit skin cultivar
'Idared'. A, C—without inter-stem (seedling rootstock 'Antonivka'). B, D—inter-stem PB 62—
396. The value of one mark is 10 μκ.
The basis of apple fruit is parenchyma saturated with inter-cell spaces, which is
formed of huge cells, fi lled with starch (Figure 14.7).
The analysis of the parenchyma structure of apple fruits (culture of the Forest
Steppe Zone of Ukraine) reveals that its structure depends on a cultivar. Thus, paren-
chyma of such cultivars as 'Idared,' 'Mantuaner,' 'Johnathan' consists of cells whose
size ranges from 10 to 110 μκ, inter-cell spaces are dense, no gaps among cells (at
a harvesting stage); thus, such fruits have pungent fl avor. Parenchyma of cultivars
'Golden Delicious,' 'Melrose' have both small (5-10 μκ) and large (over 100 μκ)
cells; they also have tiny cells (up to 5 μκ), which are situated in inter-cell spaces. Due
to such structure and the availability of inter-cell spaces, fi lled with air, fruit paren-
chyma has soft fl avor. Tasting estimation of fresh cut fruits of the above-mentioned
cultivar had the best grades.