Java Reference
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“I'm still at the beginning of my career. It's all a little new,
and I'm still learning as I go.”
—Orlando Bloom
JavaFX is partially a declarative language. Using a declarative language, a devel-
oper describes what needs to be done, then lets the system get it done. Olof Torg-
ersson, Program Director for the Chalmers University of Technology Master's
program in Interaction Design and Associate Professor at Göteborg University,
has been researching declarative programming for over 10 years. From his anal-
ysis of declarative programming approaches, we find this definition:
“From a programmer's point of view, the basic property is that program-
ming is lifted to a higher level of abstraction. At this higher level of
abstraction the programmer can concentrate on stating what is to be
computed, not necessarily how it is to be computed”
1
JavaFX Script blends declarative programming concepts with object orientation.
This provides a highly productive, yet flexible and robust, foundation for appli-
cations. However, with this flexibility comes responsibility from the developer.
JavaFX Script is a forgiving language and being declarative, it assumes inherent
rules that may obscure a programming fault. The most obvious of these is that
null objects are handled by the runtime engine and seldom cause a Java Null
Pointer exception. As a result, the program will continue when a null is encountered
1. Torgersson, Olof. “A Note on Declarative Programming Paradigms and the Future of Defini-
tional Programming,” Chalmers University of Technology and Göteborg University, Göteborg,
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