Biology Reference
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are oval, elongate, and well spaced; infrainternal setae are five in number, long, and lan-
ceolate; punctations are small, numerous, and irregularly scattered; coxal spurs are mod-
erate; coxa I shows a long and pointed spur while other coxa bear small, blunt spurs, or
ridges...................................................................[H. ramachandrai]
8. Posterodorsal and posteroventral spurs on palpal segment III are prominent and medium
sized, present in mid-line, and overlapping about one-third of segment II ventrally and
up to mid-length dorsally; infrainternal setae are long and lanceolate and number five;
dental formula is 4/4; porose areas are circular but spaced widely; punctations are few,
small, and irregularly scattered; coxal spurs are blunt or ridge-like, except spur of coxa I
where it is long...................................................................[H. bispinosa]
9. In some cases the posterodorsal and posteroventral spurs are completely on internal side
of palpi, spurs on palpal segment III reduced except in H. intermedia and have been
placed toward interior; infrainternal setae are short and feathery; coxal spurs are much
reduced now to moderate or small in size...................................................................[10]
10. Dorsobasal and dorsoventral spurs on palpal segment III are short and widely triangular;
infrainternal setae are short, feathery, and number seven; porose areas are oval and
spaced from each other; dental formula is 4/4; coxal spurs are very short, broadly trian-
gular, and sharply pointed...................................................................[H. kinneari]
Spurs on palpal segment III are reduced and blunt, overlapping half of the palpal seg-
ment II ventrally and just crossing the suture dorsally; infrainternal setae are very short
and number four; porose areas are oval, elongate, and inclined toward interior; puncta-
tions are rare; coxal spurs are short and broadly triangular...................................
[H. hystricis]
11. The palpi are compact and give triangular shape to capitulum, the posterodorsal and pos-
teroventral spur of palpal segment III is conventionally triangular and pointed but lying
on inner side of the palpi overlapping one-half of palpal segment II; infrainternal setae
are number 10 and are feathery and closely spaced; porose areas are more or less
circular in shape and are widely spaced; spurs on coxa are small; coxa I and IV spurs
are triangular and pointed, while coxa II and III spurs are rounded or
ridge-
like...................................[H. wellingtoni]
Posterodorsal spur of palpal segment III is short and toward internal margin, while the
posteroventral spur is heavy, gradually tapered, and extending to the base of palpal seg-
ment II and in mid-line to interior; porose areas are circular, big, and are moderately
spaced from each other; punctations are numerous, large, and scattered all over the scu-
tum; infrainternal setae number seven, are feathery, and closely placed; coxal spurs are
robust or blunt; coxa I is with a long spur, while coxa II to IV are with ridge-like small
spurs...................................................[H. intermedia]
Dorsobasal spur is obsolete; ventrobasal spur is extending to half or more of segment
II; infrainternal setae number 10 and are very short, feathery, and closely spaced; por-
ose areas are circular but small; coxal spurs are moderate; coxa I spur is moderate
and conventionally triangular, while other coxa spurs are small..............................
[H. kutchensis]
12. Dorsobasal spur of palpal segment III is small ridge-like or elevated; ventrobasal spur is
shorter, in some cases it is loner; infrainternal setae are shorter and feathery or lanceo-
late; coxal spurs are much shorter...................................................................[13]
13. Dorsobasal spur on palpal segment III is small ridge-like or crest-like; ventrobasal spur is
slender, extending up to half of palpal segment II; infrainternal setae are number five, short
but thin, and well spaced; punctations are shallow, numerous, and small; porose areas are
oval and elongate and are much inclined toward interior; coxal spurs are triangular and
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