GLOSSARY - The Data Access - page 312

E
embedded SQL
SQL statements written within an application programming language such as C. These
statements are preprocessed by a SQL processor, which is database dependent, before the
application is compiled.
endianness
The byte order used by an operating system as determined by the processor of the com-
puter to store multibyte data, such as long integers, in memory. See also big endian and
little endian.
environment
In the context of the Microsoft ODBC Driver Manager connection pooling model, a
global context in which a database driver accesses data from an application. An environ-
ment owns the connections inside an application. Typically, there is only one environ-
ment within an application, which means that there is usually one connection pool for
one application.
F-G
forward-only cursor
A type of cursor that database drivers use for sequential, nonscrollable access to rows in a
result set.
garbage collector
A routine that a JVM runs to clean up dead Java objects and reclaim memory. See also
generational garbage collection.
generational garbage collection
A method of garbage collection used by most later JVMs that separates objects into dif-
ferent memory pools within the Java heap based on the object's lifetime. See also garbage
collector.
H-I
hard page fault
A type of page fault that is generated when an application requests a page in memory at
its original address space, but the requested page is located in virtual memory. The oper-
ating system must swap the page out of virtual memory and place it back into RAM. See
also soft page fault.
heap size
The overall size of the Java heap. See also Java heap.