Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8. Continued
Adsorbent
Cationic dye
q
m
(mg/g)
Reference
Jackfruit peel carbon
Rhodamine B
104.17
[60]
Pearl millet husk carbon
Methylene blue
82.37
[104]
Raw date pits
Methylene blue
80.30
[105]
Pyrolysed furniture
Methylene blue
80.00
[100]
Treated sawdust
Malachite green
74.50
[106]
Modified cyclodextrin
Methylene blue
56.50
[107]
Banana peel
Methylene blue
20.80
[108]
Iron humate
Malachite green
19.20
[109]
Orange peel
Methylene blue
18.60
[108]
Activated date pits (900
℃
)
Methylene blue
17.30
[105]
Sugarcane dust
Malachite green
4.88
[110]
Neem sawdust
Malachite green
3.42
[111]
a
At natural pH 4.06 (average pH of concentration range 20-200 mg/L);
b
At pH 5.00.
Table 9. Separation factor (R
L
) for removal of cationic dyes by
γ
-PGA at 301 K
Initial dye
concentratio
n (mg/L)
Separation faction (R
L
)
MB /
γ
-PGA
MG /
γ
-PGA
Au-O /
γ
-PGA
Rh-B /
γ
-PGA
Sa-O /
γ
-PGA
BB-Y /
γ
-PGA
10
0.1354
0.4838
0.5865
0.7415
0.2488
0.2241
20
0.0726
0.3191
0.4149
0.5892
0.1421
0.1615
30
0.0496
0.2380
0.3210
0.4888
0.0994
0.1262
40
0.0377
0.1898
0.2617
0.4177
0.0765
0.1036
50
0.0304
0.1579
0.2210
0.3646
0.0621
0.0878
60
0.0254
0.1351
0.1912
0.3235
0.0523
0.0674
80
0.0192
0.1049
0.1506
0.2640
0.0398
0.0546
100
0.0154
0.0857
0.1242
0.2229
0.0321
0.0459
120
0.0129
0.0724
0.1057
0.1930
0.0269
0.0396
140
0.0111
0.0627
0.0920
0.1701
0.0231
0.0349
160
0.0097
0.0553
0.0814
0.1520
0.0203
0.0281
200
0.0078
0.0448
0.0662
0.1255
0.0163
0.2241
Source
: Inbaraj et al. 2006a; 2006c; 2008.
a
γ-PGA dose: 0.4 g/L for Au-O, Rh-B, Sa-O and 0.3 g/L for BB-Y; Temperature: 301 K.
4.3. Effect of Temperature
By using the equilibrium data obtained for a range of dye concentration at different
temperatures (301, 318 and 333 K), several thermodynamic parameters such as change in free
