Background on Energy and Resources Strategy - Topical Themes in Energy and Resources - page 29

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Fig. 2.4 Japan's legal framework for the Environment and Recycling Society. (Translated from
http://www.logistics.or.jp/green/map.html. Accessed 26 June 2014)

environmental issues such as deforestation, expansion of desertification, and envi-
ronmental issues in developing countries. As recognised in the original Brundtland
report (WCED 1987 ), when there is no food today, who will think about the future?
When there is no firewood today, who will protect the forest of tomorrow? At pres-
ent, the 2 % richest monopolize more than 50 % of world income. In contrast, the
poorest 20 % of people only have 1-2 % of global income.
What has been happening in businesses and companies during this period? There
have certainly been changes in corporate environmental management, starting with
the growth in environmental reporting in the 1980s and 1990s and the first inter-
national environmental standard (ISO 14001) from 1996. In recent years, the term
'Eco' has become widespread (eco-points, eco-car, etc.) together with advances in
energy-saving appliances, technological advances in energy conservation and pollu-
tion control technology, and other contributions to reducing environment impact. A
comprehensive range of laws has emerged on various public nuisances and also one
of the world's leading legal frameworks for a 'recycle based society' has emerged
in Japan (see Fig. 2.4 ). Japan is not alone in this and the EU has also introduced a
range of environmental directives on W aste E lectrical and E lectronic E quipment
(WEEE directive), the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and elec-
tronic equipment (RoHS: R estriction o f H azardous S ubstances) and the regulation
on R egistration, E valuation A uthorisation and R estriction of CH emicals (REACH).