Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
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Fig. 12.11
Change in the world steel production ranking
century (see Fig.
12.11
). For example, Nippon Steel (NSC) ceded first place for
crude steel production to Arcelor, which was established in 2003 by the merger of
French and Luxemburg companies. After that, Arcelor was acquired by Mittal Steel
Company and became the world biggest steel company; Arcelor & Mittal. In Japan,
Nippon Kokan (NKK) merged with Kawasaki Steel to form JFE Steel in 2002.
Furthermore, Sumitomo Metal Industry (SMI) merged with NSC to form Nippon
Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation (NSSMC) in 2012. This merger has taken a
Japanese steel company back to second place in crude steel production in the world,
although the amount of steel produced is less than half that of Arcelor & Mittal.
In China, many middle- and small-scale steel companies have been built across
the country from the 1990s. The central government started to introduce policies
such as the abolishment of small-scale blast furnaces due to concerns over the
downturn in the demand-and-supply balance for steel and environmental problems.
It also promoted the merger of companies and many large steel companies were
subsequently born in China. Six of the ten biggest steel companies of the world in
2012 are now Chinese.
At the same time, momentum towards the construction of integrated steel works
has been gathering pace in ASEAN countries such as Indonesia, Thailand, Malay-
sia and Vietnam, and some of them have already been completed. Some of these
countries possess their own iron ore resources although their amount and properties
are not comparable to the major iron sources. However, such resources will become
utilized as further degradation of current iron ore resources takes place.
