Personalized Information Access Using Semantic Knowledge - Smart Information Systems: Computational Intelligence for Real-Life Applications - page 188

UBO is to be able to model and track atomic events and allow the processing of such
meta-knowledge using atomic facts.

7.3.1.1 Model Description of UBO

UBO is a collection of different linked entities that give a complete picture of the
user behavior during a session and longer periods of time. It covers the users' actual
behavior as well as implicit knowledge. A complete overview of UBO is given in
Fig. 7.7 . UBO is divided into different parts covering all aspects of the behavior life-
cycle, application-dependent aspects, user aspects, and interaction aspects. In the
remainder of this section, we describe the most important entities, their functions,
properties, and their intended usage.

Application Aspect : The application aspects cover all information about the appli-
cation required that the user is interacting with. What type of application i is, what
different views (e.g., different webpages) belong to it, and what is modeled/displayed
on the page.
Application :TheOWLclass Application defines the name and an ID for the appli-
cation that is used to identify the application. It allows links to the ubo:Domain to
determine the scope of the application and to the different ubo:Views the applica-
tion has. An Application can consist of multiple views but must define at least one.
An application can cover several domains, e.g., a news website. In such case, the
different ubo:Views should define a specific domain, e.g., sport.

View :TheOWLclass View defines a single view (e.g., webpage) of a ubo:Application .
It can define a ubo:Domain (which can be different from the general applica-
tion domains) and link to different ubo:Elements .A View can contain several

Fig. 7.7 The User Behavior Ontology with all classes and relations