Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
susceptibility,
and male
and female
sterility. Genes Dev
95. Topping RP, Wilkinson JC, Scarpinato KD. Mismatch repair
protein deficiency compromises cisplatin-induced apoptotic
signaling. J Biol Chem 2009;
284
:14029
14.
77. Veigl ML, Kasturi L, Olechnowicz J, et al. Biallelic inactivation of
hMLH1 by epigenetic gene silencing, a novel mechanism causing
human MSI cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA 1998;
95
:8698
2003;
17
:603
e
39.
96. Takagi Y, TakahashiM, SanadaM, ItoR, YamaizumiM, SekiguchiM.
Roles of MGMT and MLH1 proteins in alkylation-induced
apoptosis and mutagenesis. DNA Repair (Amst) 2003;
2
:1135
e
702.
78. Li LS, Kim NG, Kim SH, et al. Chromosomal imbalances in the
colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability. Am J Pathol
2003;
163
:1429
e
46.
97. Meyers M, Hwang A, Wagner MW, Boothman DA. Role of DNA
mismatch repair in apoptotic responses to therapeutic agents.
Environ Mol Mutagen 2004;
44
:249
e
36.
79. Ribic CM, Sargent DJ, Moore MJ, et al. Tumor microsatellite-
instability status as a predictor of benefit from fluorouracil-based
adjuvant
e
64.
98. Yan T, Berry SE, Desai AB, Kinsella TJ. DNA mismatch repair
(MMR) mediates 6-thioguanine genotoxicity by introducing
single-strand breaks to signal a G2-M arrest in MMR-proficient
RKO cells. Clin Cancer Res 2003;
9
:2327
e
chemotherapy for
colon cancer. N Engl
J Med
57.
80. Jover R, Zapater P, Castells A, et al. The efficacy of adjuvant
chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer depends
on the mismatch repair status. Eur J Cancer 2009;
45
:365
2003;
349
:247
e
34.
99. DeWeese TL, Shipman JM, Larrier NA, et al. Mouse embryonic
stem cells carrying one or two defective Msh2 alleles respond
abnormally to oxidative stress inflicted by low-level radiation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA 1998;
95
:11915
e
73.
81. Kim H, Kim YH, Kim SE, Kim NG, Noh SH. Concerted promoter
hypermethylation of hMLH1, p16INK4A, and E-cadherin in
gastric
e
20.
100. Colussi C, Parlanti E, Degan P, et al. The mammalian mismatch
repair pathway removes DNA 8-oxodGMP incorporated from
the oxidized dNTP pool. Curr Biol 2002;
12
:912
e
carcinomas with microsatellite instability.
J Pathol
2003;
200
:23
31.
82. Esteller M, Levine R, Baylin SB, Ellenson LH, Herman JG. MLH1
promoter hypermethylation is associated with the microsatellite
instability phenotype in sporadic endometrial
e
8.
101. Gong JG, Costanzo A, Yang HQ, et al. The tyrosine kinase c-Abl
regulates p73 in apoptotic response to cisplatin-induced DNA
damage. Nature 1999;
399
:806
e
carcinomas.
9.
102. Hickman MJ, Samson LD. Role of DNA mismatch repair and p53
in signaling induction of apoptosis by alkylating agents. Proc Natl
Acad Sci, USA 1999;
96
:10764
e
7.
83. Fleisher AS, Esteller M, Wang S, et al. Hypermethylation of the
hMLH1 gene promoter in human gastric cancers with micro-
satellite instability. Cancer Res 1999;
59
:1090
Oncogene 1998;
17
:2413
e
9.
103. Zhang H, Richards B, Wilson T, et al. Apoptosis induced by
overexpression of hMSH2 or hMLH1. Cancer Res 1999;
59
:3021
e
5.
84. Jensen KC, Mariappan MR, Putcha GV, et al. Microsatellite
instability and mismatch repair protein defects in ovarian
epithelial neoplasms in patients 50 years of age and younger. Am
J Surg Pathol 2008;
32
:1029
e
7.
104. Pegg AE. Repair of O(6)-alkylguanine by alkyltransferases. Mutat
Res 2000;
462
:83
e
100.
105. Levati L, Marra G, Lettieri T, et al. Mutation of the mismatch
repair gene hMSH2 and hMSH6 in a human T-cell leukemia line
tolerant to methylating agents. Genes Chromosomes Cancer
1998;
23
:159
e
37.
85. Shah SN, Hile SE, Eckert KA. Defective mismatch repair, micro-
satellite mutation bias, and variability in clinical cancer pheno-
types. Cancer Res 2010;
70
:431
e
5.
86. Kim JJ, Baek MJ, Kim L, et al. Accumulated frameshift mutations
at coding nucleotide repeats during the progression of gastric
carcinoma with microsatellite
e
66.
106. Davis TW, Wilson-Van Patten C, Meyers M, et al. Defective
expression of the DNA mismatch repair protein, MLH1, alters
G2-M cell cycle checkpoint arrest following ionizing radiation.
Cancer Res 1998;
58
:767
e
instability.
Lab
Invest
1999;
79
:1113
20.
87. Ellegren H. Microsatellites: simple sequences with complex
evolution. Nat Rev Genet 2004;
5
:435
e
78.
107. Srivenugopal KS, Yuan XH, Friedman HS, Ali-Osman F. Ubiq-
uitination-dependent proteolysis of O6-methylguanine-DNA
methyltransferase in human and murine tumor cells following
inactivation with O6-benzylguanine or 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-
nitrosourea. Biochemistry 1996;
35
:1328
e
45.
88. Li YC, Korol AB, Fahima T, Nevo E. Microsatellites within genes:
structure,
e
function, and evolution. Mol Biol Evol 2004;
21
:
1007.
89. Irving JA, Hall AG. Mismatch repair defects as a cause of resis-
tance to cytotoxic drugs. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2001;
1
:
149
991
e
34.
108. Xu-Welliver M, Pegg AE. Degradation of the alkylated form of
the DNA repair protein, O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransfer-
ase. Carcinogenesis 2002;
23
:823
e
58.
90. Li LS, Morales JC, Hwang A, Wagner MW, Boothman DA. DNA
mismatch repair-dependent
e
30.
109. Gerson SL. Modulation of human lymphocyte O6-alkylguanine-
DNA alkyltransferase by streptozotocin in vivo. Cancer Res
1989;
49
:3134
e
activation of
c-Abl/p73alpha/
GADD45alpha-mediated apoptosis.
J Biol Chem 2008;
283
:
8.
110. Day 3rd RS, Ziolkowski CH, Scudiero DA, et al. Defective repair
of alkylated DNA by human tumour and SV40-transformed
human cell strains. Nature 1980;
288
:724
e
403.
91. Wagner MW, Li LS, Morales JC, et al. Role of c-Abl kinase in DNA
mismatch repair-dependent G2 cell cycle checkpoint arrest
responses. J Biol Chem 2008;
283
:21382
21394
e
7.
111. Baer JC, Freeman AA, Newlands ES, Watson AJ, Rafferty JA,
Margison GP. Depletion of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyl-
transferase correlates with potentiation of temozolomide and
CCNU toxicity in human tumour cells. Br J Cancer 1993;
67
:
1299
e
93.
92. Meyers M, Wagner MW, Mazurek A, Schmutte C, Fishel R,
Boothman DA. DNA mismatch repair-dependent response to
fluoropyrimidine-generated damage.
e
J Biol Chem 2005;
280
:
26.
93. Meyers M, Hwang A, Wagner MW, et al. A role for DNA
mismatch repair in sensing and responding to fluoropyrimidine
damage. Oncogene 2003;
22
:7376
5516
e
302.
112. Gerson SL. Clinical relevance of MGMT in the treatment of
cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002;
20
:2388
e
99.
113. Kuraoka I, Bender C, Romieu A, Cadet J, Wood RD, Lindahl T.
Removal of oxygen free-radical-induced 5
0
,8-purine cyclo-
deoxynucleosides from DNA by the nucleotide excision-repair
pathway
e
88.
94. Meyers M, Wagner MW, Hwang HS, Kinsella TJ, Boothman DA.
Role of the hMLH1 DNA mismatch repair protein in fluoropyr-
imidine-mediated cell death and cell cycle responses. Cancer Res
2001;
61
:5193
e
in
human
cells. Proc Natl Acad
Sci, USA
e
201.
2000;
97
:3832
e
7.