Spectroscopic Methods and Visualization Applied to Combustion Diagnoses - Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development - page 191

On the other hand, along with the increase of the equivalence ratio, their number
density is enhanced in the outer zone. The results indicate clearly that the diffusion
of ambient air into the

fl flame becomes dominant for the oxidation process during the

combustion.

4 Conclusion

In this chapter, the developments and applications are described on the three dif-
ferent kinds of spectroscopy or spectrometry for visualization of intermediate
chemical species. Other spectroscopic methods have also been challenged for such
visualization, including laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) (Itoh et al. 2001 )
and infrared spectroscopy (Morita et al. 2012 ). These methods play very important
roles in controlling and optimizing combustion to increase the ef ciency and

suppressing toxic emission, leading to establishing environmentally friendly, or
green energy systems.

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