Arteries: Mechanics, Mechanobiology, and the Need for a New Class of Models - Multiscale Modeling in Biomechanics and Mechanobiology - page 214

both of which are important for understanding altered structural integrity and cel-
lular responses. For example, cells respond to “cryptic sites” on molecules that are
exposed when the molecule is deformed or disrupted (cf. [ 29 ]). Mechanics must play
a role in understanding such structurally based cell responses.
In summary, advances in genetics as well as matrix and cell biology have revealed
the fundamental importance to arterial integrity and adaptability of what have
been previously considered as “minor” extracellular matrix constituents. Given the
“major” roles played by these constituents, our constitutive relations must begin to
incorporate their status directly, which will require multiscale approaches.
Acknowledgments This work was supported, in part, by grants to JDH from the NIH (HL086418,
HL105297) and National Marfan Foundation as well as by a predoctoral fellowship to JSW from
the American Heart Association-Founders Affiliate.
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