Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Waste incineration
(thermal degradation
at controlled oxygen
and temperatures
above 1,000°C)
Cone calorimeter ISO
5659-2 with off-gases
monitored by CPC and
sampled for TEM/SEM
Fire smoke from carbon-
nanoiber-polyurethanes is
soot with no remaining
ibers (Petersen et al. 2011;
Uddin and Nyden 2011;
Stahlmecke et al. 2014)
Existing reports on carbon
nanoiber-polymer ind no free
ibers in lue gas (Petersen et al.
2011; Uddin and Nyden 2011)
Release rate needs to be studied
for end-of-life scenarios of
CNT-polymer
1
µ
m
Abbreviations:
APS, aerodynamic particle sizer; AUC, analytical ultracentrifugation; CNT, carbon nanotubes; CPC, condensation particle counter; DLS, dynamic light
scattering; EDX, energy dispersive X-ray analysis; ELPI, electrical low pressure impactor; ESP, electrostatic precipitator; FE-SEM, ield emission scan-
ning electron microscope; FMPS, fast mobility particle sizer; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometry; LDPSA, laser diffraction particle size analyzer; LIBS, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; NAS, nano-aerosol sampler; OPC, optical
particle counter; PAS, photoelectric aerosol sensor; PSSD, particle surface sensitive device (e.g., NSAM, DiscMini, Nanocheck); SEM, scanning electron
microscopy; SMPS, scanning mobility particle sizer; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; TGA, thermogravimetric analyzer; TOF-SIMS, time-of-
light secondary ion mass spectrometry; TP, thermophoretic precipitator; UNPA, universal nano particle analyzer; WRASS, wide-range aerosol particle
sampling system; XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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