Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
PXRD
powder X-ray diffraction
rot [index]
rotation
VBM
vibration ball mill
YSZ
yttrium-stabilized zirconia
Symbols
e (
) porosity of the milling balls' packing
n (s
1
) rotation or oscillation frequency
n
collision
(Hz) collision frequency
r (kg m
3
) density
F (
) filling degree
d
MB
(mm) diameter of milling balls
E (J) stress energy
E
grid
(J) electrical energy consumption
E
impact
(J) impact energy of colliding grinding bodies
E
kin
(J) kinetic energy
E
m
(J mol
1
) molar energy
E
stress,feed
(J)
stress energy transferred to the feed material
E
Y,i
(Pa)
Young's modulus
f (Hz)
frequency
m (kg)
mass
n
i
(mol)
molar quantity of substance i
n
MB
(
)
number of milling balls
rpm (min
1
)
rotation per minute, rotation frequency
SE (J)
stress energy for a single event
SF (Hz)
stress frequency
n
collision
SN (
)
number of stress events
T (1C)
temperature
reaction time
milling time
t
reaction
(min)
v
p
(m s
1
)
peripheral velocity
V (m
3
)
volume
References
1. G. Centi and R. A. v. Santen, Catalysis for Renewables, Wiley-VCH Verlag
GmbH, Weinheim, 2007.
2. F. Cavani, G. Centi, S. Perathoner and F. Trifir´, Sustainable Industrial
Chemistry, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, 2009.
3. G. Rothenberg, Catalysis - Concepts and Green Applications, Wiley-VCH
Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, 2008.
4. C. Wiles and P. Watts, Micro-Reaction Technology in Organic Synthesis,
CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2011.
5. R. S. Oakes, A. A. Clifford and C. M. Rayner, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.
I, 2001, 917-941.
6. C. O. Kappe and D. Dallinger, Mol. Divers., 2009, 13, 71-193.
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