Ball-milling Promoted Chemical Bonding between Cellulose and Plastics - Ball Milling Towards Green Synthesis: Applications, Projects, Challenges - page 228

100

80

60

40

20

0

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 5

BPO/MA

Figure 9.19 Linear relationship between the graft yield and the weight ratio of BPO/
MA with data in Figures 9.17 ( J ) and 9.18 (MA ¼ 2.0 (n)and5.0wt%( & )).
Reproduced from ref. 26 with permission of John Wiley & Sons.

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

0 1 2 3 4 5

BPO (wt%)

Figure 9.20 Effects of BPO content on MFI of the graft product with MA amounts of
2.0 ( J ) and 5.0 wt% ( & ), compared with i-PP without ball milling ( K ).
Reproduced from ref. 26 with permission of John Wiley & Sons.

results in the smaller graft yield when the amount of macroradicals attains a
critical value depending on the initial amount of MA41.0 wt%, within which
it proceeds to a nearly perfect level of 90%, satisfactorily competing with side
reactions such as combination.
On the basis of the above results, ball-milling grafting of MA onto i-PP is
determined primarily by the weight ratio of BPO/MA, a new parameter. Thus,
the graft eciency, i.e., the graft yield of MA by ball-milling, exhibits linearity
with the BOP/MA ratio, the range of which is dependent on the initial
amount of MA41.0 wt%, regardless of the formation of a two-phase com-
ponent of i-PP/MA. The linear eciency is broken mainly due to termination
by dominant competing reactions like the combination of macroradicals,
when the BPO/MA ratio exceeds a critical value for MA Z2.0 wt%