Freshwater Molluscs of India: An Insight of into Their Diversity, Distribution and Conservation - Aquatic Ecosystem: Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation - page 170

Bithynia ( Digoniostoma ) cerameopoma
(Benson)

Shell oblong-ovate, whorls 5, suture impressed,
umbilicus moderately narrow and deep

Stagnant shallow water of the lower Gangetic
plains, such as paddy fi elds and oxbow lakes,
occasionally occur in slow running rivers and
streams

Andhra Pradesh, Assam,
Bihar, Delhi, Jharkhand,
Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya,
Punjab, Rajasthan, West
Bengal

Bithynia ( Digoniostoma ) evezardi
(Blanford)

Spire conical, shell sculpture with regular close,
impressed spiral lines

Stagnant shallow water, occasionally occur in
slow running rivers and streams

Maharashtra

Bithynia ( Digoniostoma ) pulchella
(Benson)

Shell elongate, spire longer than body whorl,
suture depressed, umbilicus almost closed and
aperture oval

It lives in the lentic part of the rivers and
wetland ponds within mud. High density also
occurs within polluted water

Throughout India

Bithynia ( Digoniostoma ) textum
Annandale

Shell oval, whorls 4 ½, spire shorter than the
body whorl

Lakes, rivers Manipur: Thoubal (endemic

to Manipur)

Gabbia orcula Frauenfeld Shell globosely conic, smooth, almost

imperforate, whorls 4, slightly rounded, body
whorls swollen, suture deep, columellar margin
not much refl ected

Stagnant water with dense vegetation, e.g.
wetland, small ponds and paddy fi elds

Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,
Delhi, Jharkhand, Maharashtra,
Manipur, Punjab, Rajasthan,
Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal

Var. producta (Nevill)

Gabbia stenothyroides (Dohrn) Shell ovate, whorls 4-5, convex, smooth, body

whorl proportionately larger, spire short

Wetland, small ponds and paddy fi elds Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra,

Tamil Nadu

Gabbia travancorica (Benson) Shell conically globose, whorls 4 ½, columellar

margin ridge-like

Stagnant water bodies and back water Andhra Pradesh, Kerala

Mysorella costigera (Kuester) Shell ornamented by strongly raised spiral ridges

weaker with fi ner and spiral ridges between
them. Shell uniformly pale horny brown

Occurring in muddy bottom in plains of
Chennai

Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu

Tricula gravely (Prashad) Shell elongate, suture oblique, aperture

rounded, outer lip uniformly thickened

Found in still creeks of the plains, attached on
weeds

Still creek among small
islands in the bed of Narmada
River at Hoshangabad,
Madhya Pradesh

Tricula montana (Benson) Shell conically ovate, suture oblique, curve,

canaliculated, aperture rounded, outer lip
uniformly thickened

Found on the stems and leaves of aquatic plant
in the stream fl oating through marsh at Bhimtal
Lake

Assam, Uttarkhand: Bhimtal

Stenothyra blanfordiana (Nevill) Shell sub-ventricose, ovate, spire short, spiral

whorls increasing irregularly, body whorl
swollen, aperture bi-angulate, suboval

River bed within mudfl ats Orissa, Tamil Nadu, West

Bengal

Stenothyra deltae (Benson) Shell small, thick, sculptured with spiral

punctured lines; periostracum thick and often
spiral rows of spine

Found crawling on the mud at the upper region
of bank of river

West Bengal

(continued)