Odonate Fauna of Rajasthan, India with Links to Arabia and Himalaya - Aquatic Ecosystem: Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation - page 133

dists.), Haryana, Himachal Pradesh (Bilaspur,
Hamirpur and Kangra dists. and Renuka Wetland,
Sirmour dist.), Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand,
Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
(Sanjay Gandhi National Park), Manipur,
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Puducherry
(Karaikal, Mahe), Punjab (Hoshiarpur dist.),
Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar
Pradesh (Dehra Dun, Nainital, Pauri, Pithoragarh
and Tehri dists. and Rajaji National Park), West
Bengal (Darjeeling) and Western Ghats.

Distribution
Common in plains.

Rajasthan
Thar Desert; Fateh Sagar and Pichola Lakes,
Udaipur; Thar Desert at Osian and Lake Kailana,
Jodhpur; in and around Mount Abu Wildlife
Sanctuary, Sirohi district.

India
Andhra Pradesh (Waltair), Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh (Bastar dist.), Delhi,
Eastern Himalaya, Gujarat (Pipri, Saputara and
Valsad dists.), Himachal Pradesh (Bilaspur,
Hamirpur, Kangra, Sirmour and Solan dists. and
Renuka Wetland), Karnataka, Kerala (Idamalayar,
near Edamalayar Dam; Malabar), Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra (Bordharan and Wanarvira,
Wardha dist., Buldhana dist., Chandrapur dist.,
Colaba, Mumbai; Khandala and Khed, Pune;
Lingmala falls, Mahabaleshwar; Matheran and
Poladpur, Raigad dist., Melghat Tiger Reserve;
Rajapur, Ratnagiri dist., Sanjay Gandhi National
Park and Tadoba Tiger Reserve), Manipur,
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Punjab (Gurdaspur
dist.), Tripura, Tamil Nadu (East Coast of
Chennai, Waltair), Uttarakhand (Chamoli, Dehra
Dun, Nainital, Pauri, Pithoragarh, Tehri and
Uttarkashi dists. and Rajaji National Park), Uttar
Pradesh and West Bengal (Kolkata).

Habitat
It uses diverse wetland habitats such as ponds,
lakes, marshes, wet paddy fi elds, streams, rivers
and irrigation canals.

Conservation Status
IUCN Red List: Least Concern.

Remarks
Trithemis adelpha Selys, 1878, known from the
Philippines, is sometimes considered to be a
junior synonym of T. aurora , which also occurs
in the Philippines.

35. Trithemis festiva (Rambur, 1842)

English Name
Black Stream Glider, Indigo Dropwing.

Description
Dark blue, orange streaks on abdomen, without
dark wing tips (distinguishing from Indothemis
limbata Selys, 1891).
Male: Abdomen 22.0-28.0, hindwing 26.0-
32.0 mm (Fraser 1936 ; Subramanian 2009 ),
abdn. 24.5, fwing. 28.0, hwing. 28.0 mm (Prasad
1996a , b ), abdn. 24.0-25.0, fwing. 28.0, hwing.
27.0-27.5 mm (Prasad 2004b ).
Female: Abdomen 21.0-24.0, hindwing 24,
0-29.0 mm (Fraser 1936 ), abdn. 22.0, fwing.
27.0, hwing. 26.0 mm (Prasad 1996a , b ), abdn.
21.5-23.5, fwing. 26.0, hwing. 25.0-25.5 mm
(Prasad 2004b ), abdn. 21.0-24.0, hwing.
29.0 mm (Subramanian 2009 ),

Habitat
It breeds in still waters or more commonly in
streams with sluggish current.

Conservation Status
IUCN Red List: Least Concern.

Remarks
It is sometimes confused with Indothemis lim-
bata Selys, 1891 (a Cambodian and Malaysian
sp.) but can be distinguished from it in having
dark wing tips. In size and behaviour it is quite
similar to more widely distributed Trithemis
annulata , the Violet Dropwing, but its habitat
preference and looks are very different.