Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Infectious Diseases
Despite the intimidating list of infectious diseases in Madagascar, most are extremely rare
among travellers. However, if you do experience unusual symptoms for more than three
days, seek medical advice.
CHOLERA
Spread through Contamin-ated drinking water.
Symptoms & effects Profuse watery diarrhoea, which causes debilitation if fluids are not
replaced quickly.
Prevention Cholera is usually only a problem during natural or artificial disasters, eg cyc-
lones, war, floods or earthquakes. An oral cholera
vaccine is available, but it is not particularly effective. Boil drinking water or drink bottled
water.
DENGUE FEVER
Spread through Mosquito bites.
Symptoms & effects Feverish illness with headache and muscle pains similar to those ex-
perienced with a bad, prolonged attack of influenza.
Prevention Avoid mosquito bites by covering up and wearing repellent during outbreaks.
Seek medical advice if flulike symptoms persist.
DIPHTHERIA
Spread through Close respiratory contact with an infected person.
Symptoms & effects A temperature and a severe sore throat. Sometimes a membrane
forms across the throat, and a tracheotomy may be needed to prevent suffocation.
Prevention Vaccination (DTP) is recommended and lasts 10 years.
HEPATITIS A
Spread through Contaminated food (particularly shellfish) and water.
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