Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Infectious Diseases
Despite the intimidating list of infectious diseases in Madagascar, most are extremely rare
among travellers. However, if you do experience unusual symptoms for more than three
days, seek medical advice.
CHOLERA
Spread through
Contamin-ated drinking water.
Symptoms & effects
Profuse watery diarrhoea, which causes debilitation if fluids are not
replaced quickly.
Prevention
Cholera is usually only a problem during natural or artificial disasters, eg cyc-
lones, war, floods or earthquakes. An oral cholera
vaccine is available, but it is not particularly effective. Boil drinking water or drink bottled
water.
DENGUE FEVER
Spread through
Mosquito bites.
Symptoms & effects
Feverish illness with headache and muscle pains similar to those ex-
perienced with a bad, prolonged attack of influenza.
Prevention
Avoid mosquito bites by covering up and wearing repellent during outbreaks.
Seek medical advice if flulike symptoms persist.
DIPHTHERIA
Spread through
Close respiratory contact with an infected person.
Symptoms & effects
A temperature and a severe sore throat. Sometimes a membrane
forms across the throat, and a tracheotomy may be needed to prevent suffocation.
Prevention
Vaccination (DTP) is recommended and lasts 10 years.
HEPATITIS A
Spread through
Contaminated food (particularly shellfish) and water.