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of “insisting”. A possible line of reasoning would deliver all the consequences above
plus an extra one that says that the shouting subperson is angry or alarmed. By (C1),
we then get the implication that Mary has a motive to be angry or alarmed.
11.2.3 View-Neutral Mapping Adjuncts
Consider again the neck-crick example, (3). How can conclusions such as that the
managers, in reality, are experiencing negative emotions, caused by the conversations,
and find it difficult to continue their conversations, be created? Such conclusions arise
within the pretence, but we need to transfer them to the surrounding space (reality
space).
This is where
view-neutral mapping adjuncts
(VNMAs) come in. There are gen-
eral qualities about source scenarios that are very often transferred in metaphor to
the target scenarios no matter what the specific metaphorical view is. Amongst such
qualities are the following:
Emotional/attitudinal states, value-judgments, etc.
Mental states, such as believing, intending, wanting.
Time-Course, incl. starting, continuing, ending, immediacy, smoothness/
intermittency, rates at which episodes occur, temporal relationships between
episodes, etc.
Causation, prevention, enablement, ability, attempting and tendency relationships,
and related qualities such as effectiveness.
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Ease/difficulty properties.
Normal functioning (of a machine, organism, protective measure, structure, etc.)
Modal qualities: possibility, necessity, obligation, …
Qualitative number/amount (little, much, few, many, more, …)
Uncertainty with which situations hold.
Degrees to which situations hold.
Complementation (the logical operation of switching between a situation holding
and not holding).
As an illustration, to reflect the first two items in the above list, the ATT-Meta system
contains the following rule:
(10) IF something P in a pretence CORRESPONDS TO something S in the surround
AND cognitive agent A in the pretence CORRESPONDS TO agent B in the surround
THEN
(in the pretence) agent A's bearing a particular mental/affective attitude towards P
CORRESPONDS TO
(in the surround) agent B's bearing the same attitude towards S.
In the neck-crick example, we can take P to be the conversations in the pretence
and S to be the conversations in reality. They are actually the same conversations.
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Effectiveness has only recently been added, and is reported for the first time here.
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